11
Even after reducing the marked price of a transistor by $32, a shopkeeper makes a profit of 15%. If the cost price be $320, what percentage of profit would he have made if he had sold the transistor at the marked price?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer & Solution
Solution:

C.P.=$320, Profit =15%

S.P. = $320 × 115% = $368

Marked price =$(368 + 32) = $400.

\ Required profits = (80/320) × 100 = 25%

 

12
A shopkeeper sold an article offering a discount of 5% and earned a profit of 23.5%. What would have been the percentage of profit earned if no discount was offered?
Answer & Solution
Solution:

Let C.P. be $100.

Then, S.P.= $123.50

Let, marked price be $x.

Then, 95% of x = 123.50

      Þ x = 125.50 × (100/95)

      Þ x = $130

Now, Profit = $(130 – 100) = $30

\ % of profit = (30/100) × 100 = 30%.

 

13
Peter bought an item at 20% discount on its original price. He sold it with 40% increase on the price he bought it. The new sale price is by what percent more than the original price.
Answer & Solution
Solution:

Let the original price be $100.

Then, C.P. = $80

          S.P. = 140% of $80 = $112

\ Required percentage = (112 – 100)% = 12%.

 

14
A merchant marks his goods at 25% above the cost price. Due to a slump in the market, his cost reduces by 5%. He thus offers a discount of 8% due to which the sales go up by 25%. Compute the change in the merchant's profit.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer & Solution
Solution:

Let the C.P. of each article be $100 and the number of pieces sold be x.

Then, original S P = $125.

Original profit = [(125 -100)x] = $25.

New C.P.= $95

New S.P.= 92% of $125 = $115.

Number of articles sold now = 1.25x.

New profit = $[1.25x (115 - 95)] = 25x

Hence, the profit remains unchanged.

 

 

15
A trader sells an item to a retailer at 20% discount, but charges 10% on the discounted price, for delivery and packaging. The retailer sells it for $2046 more, thereby earning a profit of 25%. At what price had the trader marked the item?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer & Solution
Solution:

Let, marked price of the item be $100x.

Discount = 20%

Charges for delivery and packaging = 10% on discounted price.

Then, 100x (-20%) = 80x (+10%) = 88x

\ (88x + 25% of 88x) – 88x = 2046

Or, (88x + 22x) – 88x = 2046

Or, 22x = 2046

Or, x = 93

Hence, Marked price = $100x = $100 × 93 = $9300.

 

 

16
A trader has 600 kgs of rice, a part of which he sells at 15% profit and the remaining quantity at 20% loss. On the whole, he incurs an overall loss of 6% What is the quantity of rice he sold at 20% loss?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer & Solution
Solution:

Let, quantity of rice sold at 20% loss be x kg.

\ Quantity of rice sold at 20% gain = (600 – x) kg.

According to question,

            (600 – x) × 115% + 80% of x = 600 × 94%

        Þ 69000 – 115x + 80x = 56400

        Þ 35x = 12600

        Þ x = 360.

 

17
Mr. Paul bought two articles A and B at a total cost of $8000. He sold article A at 20% profit and article B at 12% loss. In the whole deal he made no gain and no loss. At what price should Dhar have sold article B to make an overall profit of 25%?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer & Solution
Solution:

Let, CA​ be the cost price of article A.

   & CB​ be the cost price of article B.

Total cost = CA + CB​ = 8000

            Selling price of A:

SA= CA + 20% of CA

    = CA + 0.2CA

      = 1.2CA

and selling price of B:

SB = CB − 12% of CB

       = CB − 0.12CB

       = 0.88CB

No overall profit/loss means SA+SB=CA+CB

Substituting values:

             1.2CA+ 0.88CB= 8000

            Since CA+ CB= 8000, CA​= 8000 − CB

                  Þ 1.2(8000−CB) + 0.88CB= 8000

                  Þ 9600 −1.2CB + 0.88CB= 8000

                  Þ 9600 - 0.32CB =  8000

                  Þ CB= 1600/0.32​ =  5000

            Thus, CA= 8000 − 5000= 3000.

Now, new selling price for 25% profit:

8000+25% of 8000 = 8000+2000 =10000

We already know SA= 1.2CA= 1.2×3000 = 3600

\ 3600+SB= 10000

Þ SB = 10000−3600 = 6400.

 

18
Kevin sold an article for $6800 and incurred a loss. Had he sold the article for $7,850, his gain would have been equal to half of the amount of loss that he incurred. At what price should he sell the article to have 20% profit?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer & Solution
Solution:

Let C be the cost price of the article.

Then, Loss when sold at $6800 = C − 6800

Gain when sold at $7850 = 7850 − C

According to question,

         7850 – C = 1/2(C − 6800)

                Þ 2(7850 − C) = C−6800

                Þ 15700 − 2C = C – 6800

                Þ 15700 + 6800 = 3C

                Þ 22500 = 3C

                Þ C = 7500

Again, 20% profit means the selling price should be:

                         C + 20% of C

                      = 7500 + (0.2 × 7500)

                      = 7500 + 1500

                      = 9000.

 

19
Monika goes to a shop and buys a dress, costing $522, including sales tax of 12%. The shopkeeper gives her a discount, so that the price is decreased by an amount equivalent to sales tax. The price is decreased by (nearest Value).
Answer & Solution
Solution:

Price of dress including sales tax= $522

Cost price without sales tax = (522/112) × 100 = $466

\ The price is decreased = $(522 – 466) = $56.